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Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, nether discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English language. The is the nearly oft used word in the English language language; studies and analyses of texts have found information technology to business relationship for seven percent of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a unmarried form used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The discussion tin be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which accept different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced every bit /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant audio, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel sound or used equally an emphatic course.^[2]

Modernistic American and New Zealand English take an increasing trend to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, fifty-fifty before a vowel.^{[three] [four]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the adept", non just "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English are described under "Use of articles". The, as in phrases like "the more the better", has a distinct origin and etymology and by chance has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Old English language system. Quondam English language had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English discussion the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An area in which the use or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, isle groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, private islands, authoritative units and settlements mostly do not accept a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Republic of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (only the County of York), Madrid).
• commencement with a mutual noun followed past of may take the article, as in the Isle of Wight or the Island of Portland (compare Christmas Island), aforementioned applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, but the Academy of Cambridge.
• Some identify names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Hamlet at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West Stop, the East Stop, The Hague, or the City of London (simply London). Formerly e.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• generally described singular names, the Northward Island (New Zealand) or the Westward Country (England), take an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, almost exclude "the" only there are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective mutual nouns such every bit "kingdom", "commonwealth", "spousal relationship", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the Britain, the Soviet Wedlock, the United Arab Emirates, including most country total names:^{[8] [ix]} the Czechia (but Czech republic), the Russia (only Russia), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the State of israel (merely Israel) and the Republic of Australia (but Commonwealth of australia).^{[ten] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Maldives, the Republic of seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Singular derivations from "isle" or "land" that hold administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – exercise not have a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an commodity, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[xiii] This usage is in reject, The gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, just this is considered incorrect and possibly offensive in modern usage.^[fourteen] Sudan (but the Commonwealth of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Republic of South Sudan) are written present without the commodity.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most frequently used words in English, at various times brusk abbreviations for it have been found:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abbreviation, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English language linguistic communication. Information technology is the letter of the alphabet þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript east or t) appear in Middle English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are adult from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (encounter Ye form).

Occasional proposals accept been made by individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their archetype printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a alphabetic character similar to Ħ to represent "Thursday", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Middle English, the (þe) was oftentimes abbreviated as a þ with a small e higher up it, like to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a pocket-size t above it. During the latter Middle English language and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. As a event, the utilize of a y with an e in a higher place it () equally an abbreviation became mutual. This can nonetheless be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, fifty-fifty when so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used equally an abbreviation in Commonwealth countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in e.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Land Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–9. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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