Unit 3 Newtons Laws Review Which Law Is Represented by the Following Scenarios? Quizlet
Newton'south Laws of Motion Review
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Answers to Questions: All || #1-vii || #eight-36 || #37-46 || #47-60
Office C: Forced Choice and Short Respond
8a. Big Bubba has a mass of 100 kg on the earth. What is Big Bubba's mass on the moon where the force of gravity is approximately 1/6-th that of Globe's? ________ Explain or show your work.
Answer: 100 kg
Mass is a quantity which is independent of the location of the object. So if Big Bubba has a mass of 100 kg on Earth, then he also has a mass of 100 kg on the moon. Only the weight would change equally Big Bubba is moved from the Earth to the moon. He weighs ~1000 N on Earth and 1/half-dozen-th this value (~167 North) on the moon.
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8b. Picayune Billie weighs 360 N on Earth. What is Fiddling Billie'southward mass on the moon where the force of gravity is approximately 1/6-th that of Globe's? ________ Explain or testify your work.
Answer: ~36 kg
The mass of an object is related to weight by the equation W = m•g where thou = ~10 m/southward/s on Earth and 1-sixth this value (~1.67) on the moon. So if Billy weighs 360 N on Earth, and so his mass is approximately ~36 kg. His mass on the moon will be the same equally his mass on Earth. Only his weight changes when on the moon; rather than being 360 N, it is 60 N. His weight on the moon could be found by multiplying his mass by the value of g on the moon: (36 kg) • (nine.8/six m/due south/due south) = ~60 N
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nine. TRUE or FALSE:
An object which is moving rightward has a rightward force acting upon it.
Reply: False
An object which is accelerating rightward must have a rightward force and a rightward cyberspace force interim upon it. But an object which is just moving rightward does not necessarily have a rightward force upon information technology. A car that is moving rightward and skidding to a end would non have a rightward forcefulness acting upon it.
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10. The amount of net force required to keep a 5-kg object moving rightward with a constant velocity of 2 grand/s is ____.
| a. 0 N | b. 0.4 Due north | c. 2 North | d. 2.5 N | east. 5 N |
Respond: A
Net force is always m•a. In this case, the velocity is constant so the acceleration is null and the internet force is cypher. Constant velocity motion can always be associated with a zero cyberspace force.
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11. Truthful or FALSE:
For an object resting upon a non-accelerating surface, the normal force is equal to the weight of the object.
Respond: Imitation
Quite surprisingly to many, the normal strength is not necessarily always equal to the weight of an object. Suppose that a person weighs 800 N and sits at rest upon a table. Then suppose another person comes along and pushes downwards upon the persons shoulders, applying a downwardly strength of 200 N. With the additional downward force of 200 N acting upon the person, the full upward force must be m N. The normal strength supplies the upward force to back up both the forcefulness of gravity and the practical forcefulness acting upon the person. Its value is equal to thou N which is not the same as the force of gravity of the person.
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12. Which i(s) of the following force diagrams depict an object moving to the right with a constant speed? List all that utilise.
Reply: Air conditioning
If an object is moving at a abiding speed in a constant rightward direction, and then the acceleration is zero and the cyberspace force must be cipher. Choice B and D show a rightward net force and therefore a rightward dispatch, inconsistent with the described motion.
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13. According to Newton'southward 3rd law, every force is accompanied by an equal and opposite reaction force. The reason that these forces do not cancel each other is ____.
a. the activity force acts for a longer fourth dimension periodb. the ii forces are non always in the same direction
c. one of the two forces is greater than the other
d. the two forces human action upon different objects; simply forces on the same object tin can balance each other.
e. ... nonsense! They practise cancel each other. Objects accelerate because of the presence of a third force.
Answer: D
Activeness and reaction forces always act upon the interacting objects for the same amount of time with the aforementioned magnitude. So if object A pushes on object B, then object B simultaneously pushes on object A with the same amount of force. The force on object B will be one of possibly many forces which will govern its movement. But the reaction strength is on object A and cannot contribute to object B's move since it is not acting upon object B. Action-reaction forces can NEVER cancel each other.
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14. As yous sit in your chair and study your physics (presuming that you practice), the force of gravity acts downward upon your body. The reaction forcefulness to the force of the Earth pulling you downward is ___.
a. the strength of the chair pushing you upwardly
b. the strength of the flooring pushing your chair upward
c. the force of the Earth pushing you up
d. the forcefulness of air molecules pushing yous upwards
e. the forcefulness of your body pulling the Earth upwards
f. ... nonsense! Gravity is a field force and there is no such reaction force.
Answer: E
The most mutual wrong respond is a - the force of the chair pushing you upwards. As you lot sit down in your chair, the chair is indeed pushing y'all upward merely this is not the reaction strength to the force of the Earth pulling you down. The chair pushing you upward is the reaction forcefulness to you sitting on it and pushing the chair downwardly. To determine the activeness-reaction force pairs if given a statement of the form object A pulls X-ward on object B, just have the subject and the object in the sentence and switch their places and then change the direction to the opposite management (so the reaction force is object B pulls object A in the opposite direction of X). So if the Earth pulls you downward, and then the reaction force is y'all pull the Earth upward.
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xv. A golf pro places a ball at residuum on the tee, lines upwardly his shot, draws back his guild, and lets ane rip. During the contact of the golf game society with the golf ball, the strength of the gild on the ball is ____ the force of the ball on the guild and the acceleration of the club is ____ than the dispatch of the ball.
| a. greater than, greater than | b. greater than, equal to | c. greater than, less than |
| d. less than, less than | due east. less than, equal to | f. less than, greater than |
| yard. equal to, equal to | h. equal to, greater than | i. equal to, less than |
Answer: I
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction forcefulness. In this case, the force on the guild is equal to the force on the ball. The subsequent accelerations of the interacting objects will be inversely dependent upon mass. The more massive club will accept less acceleration than the less massive ball.
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Each one of Newton'due south Laws can play a office in any one particular situation. However, one of the laws is often most apparently dominant in governing the move of a state of affairs. Choice which of Newton's most governs the situations described beneath.
| a. Beginning Law (inertia) | b. Second Police force (F = thousand•a) | c. Third Law (action-reaction) |
sixteen. A helicopter must have 2 sets of blades in order to wing with stability.
17. If you were in an lift and the cable broke, jumping upwards simply before the elevator hit the ground would not salvage you lot. Sorry.
xviii. Y'all usually jerk a paper towel from a roll in order to tear it instead of pulling information technology smoothly.
19. A student desk changes the amount of strength it puts on other objects throughout a schoolhouse day.
20. Heavy objects are not easier to move around in a horizontal fashion on the Moon than on the Earth.
21. The stronger, heavier team in a tug-of-war does not create a larger tension in the rope than the weaker, lighter team.
Answers: Come across answers and explanations below.
16. C - As the helicopter blades spin and push air in ane direction, the air pushes the blades in the reverse direction; the result is that the helicopter can begin to rotate about the axis of the bract. To annul this rotation, a second set of blades is required.
17. A - An object moving down volition continue to move downwards unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. If you make an effort to supply such a force in an attempt to all of a sudden alter the direction of your motility, and so you are creating a greater velocity change than if you lot merely hit the ground and stopped. If this greater velocity change occurred suddenly (in the same corporeality of time every bit the stopping of you and the elevator), then you would experience a greater acceleration, a greater cyberspace forcefulness, and a greater ouch mark than if y'all had merely hit the ground and stopped.
18. A - The paper towel is at remainder and resists changes in its at residuum country. And so if you apply a sudden forcefulness to one of the newspaper towel sheets, the neat mass of the residual of the roll volition resist a alter in its at rest state and the roll volition easily break at the perforation.
nineteen. C - As a student sits in the seat, they are applying a downward strength upon the seat. The reaction force is that the seat applies an upward strength upon the person. A weightier person will apply more down force than a lighter person. Thus, the seat will constantly be changing the corporeality of reaction force throughout the day as students of unlike weight sit down in information technology.
twenty. A - All objects have inertia or a tendency to resist changes in their state of move. This inertia is dependent solely upon mass and is later not contradistinct by changes in the gravitational surround. To move an object horizontally, one must utilize a forcefulness; this force will be resisted by the mass or inertia of the object. On the moon, the object offers the same amount of inertia every bit on Earth; it is just every bit difficult (or like shooting fish in a barrel) to motility around.
21. C - A rope encounters tension when pulled on at both ends. The tension in the rope is everywhere the same. If team A were to pull at the left end, so the left finish would pull back with the same corporeality of force upon team A. This force is the same everywhere in the rope, including at the end where team B is pulling. Thus team B is pulling back on the rope with the aforementioned force as team A. And so if the forces are the same at each end, then how can a team ever win a tug-of-war. The mode a stronger team wins a tug-of-war is with their legs. They push upon the ground with a greater force than the other squad. This force upon the ground results in a force back upon the team in order for them to pull the rope and the other team backwards beyond the line.
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For the next several questions, consider the velocity-time plot beneath for the motility of an object along a horizontal surface. The motility is divided into several time intervals, each labeled with a letter.
22. During which time interval(s), if whatever, are there no forces acting upon the object? List all that employ.
23. During which fourth dimension interval(south), if whatsoever, are the forces acting upon the object balanced? Listing all that apply.
24. During which fourth dimension interval(s), if any, is at that place a net forcefulness interim upon the object? List all that apply.
25. During which time interval(s), if any, is the internet forcefulness acting upon the object directed toward the right? List all that apply.
26. During which fourth dimension interval(south), if any, is the net strength acting upon the object directed toward the left? List all that utilize.
Answers: See answers and explanations below.
22. None - If an object is on a surface, one can exist guaranteed of at least two forces - gravity and normal forcefulness.
23. BDFH - If the forces are balanced, then an object is moving with a constant velocity. This is represented by a horizontal line on a velocity-fourth dimension plot.
24. ACEG - If an object has a net force upon it, then it is accelerating. Acceleration is represented past a sloped line on a velocity-time plot.
25. AE - If the net force is directed to the right, then the acceleration is to the correct (in the + management). This is represented past a line with a + slope (i.e., upward slope).
26. CG - If the net strength is directed to the left, so the acceleration is to the left (in the - direction). This is represented past a line with a - slope (i.e., down slope).
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For the next several questions, consider the dot diagram below for the motion of an object forth a horizontal surface. The motion is divided into several fourth dimension intervals, each labeled with a letter.
27. During which time interval(due south), if whatever, are there no forces acting upon the object? List all that apply.
28. During which time interval(due south), if any, are the forces acting upon the object balanced? List all that use.
29. During which time interval(southward), if whatsoever, is in that location a net force acting upon the object? List all that apply.
xxx. During which time interval(s), if whatever, is the net force acting upon the object directed toward the right? Listing all that utilize.
31. During which time interval(due south), if any, is the cyberspace forcefulness acting upon the object directed toward the left? List all that utilize.
Answers: Meet answers and explanations beneath.
27. None - If an object is on a surface, one tin exist guaranteed of at to the lowest degree two forces - gravity and normal force.
28. ACEGI - If the forces are balanced, then an object is moving with a constant velocity or at rest. This is represented by a section of a dot diagram where the dots are equally spaced apart (moving with a constant velocity) or not fifty-fifty spaced apart at all (at rest).
29. BDFH - If an object has a cyberspace force upon it, then it is accelerating. Dispatch is represented by a section of a dot diagram in which the spacing between sequent dots is either increasing or decreasing.
30. BF - If the cyberspace force is directed to the right, and so the acceleration is to the right (in the + direction). This is represented past a dot diagram in which the dots are increasing their separation distance as the object moves from left to right.
31. DH - If the internet force is directed to the left, then the acceleration is to the left (in the - direction). This is represented by a dot diagram in which the dots are decreasing their separation distance as the object moves from left to right.
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For the next several questions, consider the trajectory diagram shown below for a projectile thrown at an angle to the horizontal. The vector arrows represent the horizontal and vertical components of the projectile's velocity. Several points in the trajectory are labeled with a letter. Use the trajectory diagram to answer the next several questions. (Consider air resistance to be negligible.)
32. At which betoken(due south), if whatsoever, are there no forces acting upon the object? List all that apply.
33. At which indicate(s), if any, are the forces acting upon the object balanced? List all that use.
34. At which point(s), if any, is there a internet strength acting upon the object? List all that apply.
35. At which point(s), if whatever, is the net force acting upon the object directed toward the right? List all that use.
36. At which point(south), if any, is the net force acting upon the object directed upward? List all that utilise.
Answers: Meet answers and explanations below
32. None
33. None
34. ABCDEFG
35. None
36. None
This object is a projectile as can be seen by its constant horizontal velocity and a changing vertical velocity (besides that, the problem states that this is a projectile). A projectile is an object upon which the only force is gravity. Gravity acts downward to accelerate an object downward. This force is an unbalanced forcefulness or net strength. It causes a vertical ascent object to boring downward and a falling object to speed upwardly.
The presence of a horizontal velocity does not need a horizontal forcefulness, but a rest of horizontal forces. Having no forces horizontally would cause the projectile to move at a constant horizontal speed in one case information technology is launched. Similarly an upward force is not needed on this projectile. When launched, an upward velocity is imparted to it; this velocity is steadily decreased as the object is acted upon by the down force of gravity. An upward forcefulness would but be required for an object which is speeding upwardly as information technology rises upward.
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Answers to Questions: All || #i-7 || #8-36 || #37-46 || #47-sixty
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